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Updated: Feb 18, 2026

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Social preferences of future physicians.

Jing Li1, William H Dow2, Shachar Kariv3

  • 1Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|November 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary

US medical students exhibit less altruism and more efficiency focus than the general population. Top-ranked medical school students show preferences similar to elite law students, with less altruism linked to higher-paying specialties.

Keywords:
altruismequality–efficiency tradeofffair-mindednessrationalitysocial preferences

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Economics
  • Medical Education
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Understanding the social preferences of future physicians is crucial for healthcare system dynamics.
  • Previous research often assumes homogeneity in social preferences among medical professionals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure and compare the social preferences (altruism, equality-efficiency tradeoffs) of US medical students.
  • To investigate the relationship between medical school ranking, specialty choice, and social preferences.
  • To compare medical students' preferences with the general population and other highly educated groups.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an experimental design to rigorously distinguish and measure altruism and equality-efficiency tradeoffs at the individual level.
  • Compared a sample of US medical students with the general population from the American Life Panel (ALP).
  • Included comparisons with subsamples of highly educated/wealthy ALP subjects, elite law students, and undergraduate students.

Main Results:

  • Medical students are significantly less altruistic and more efficiency-focused than the average American.
  • Medical students in top-ranked institutions display lower altruism compared to those in lower-ranked schools.
  • Preferences of students from top-ranked medical schools align with those of elite law students.
  • Medical students choosing higher-paying specialties demonstrate less altruism.

Conclusions:

  • Medical students, particularly those from elite institutions, exhibit distinct social preferences compared to the general population.
  • Social preferences, including altruism, are influenced by educational tier and career aspirations within medicine.
  • Further research is needed to validate these experimental measures against actual physician practice behaviors.