Radiation Induced Leiomyosarcoma Three Decades After Treatment for Wilms' Tumor

Wilms' tumor is one of the most common pediatric malignancies. Survival rates have increased dramatically over the last few decades. This increased survival means that there is an ever growing population of patients susceptible to the late effects of their initial therapy. Survivors of Wilms' tumor have a substantially higher rate of development of secondary neoplasms compared to general population. We report a case of metastatic radiation induced leiomyosarcoma thirty years after therapy for Wilms' tumor. This case highlights the need for minimizing the risk of late complications and for close surveillance to enable early detection of these complications.