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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
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Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

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Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
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Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
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Related Experiment Video

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Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection
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An extensive chronic aortic dissection presenting with acute embolic stroke.

Sijan Basnet1, Naba Raj Mainali2, Biswaraj Tharu3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Reading Health System, West Reading, PA, USA.

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives
|November 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This case report details extensive chronic aortic dissection affecting major arteries and causing acute embolic stroke and seizure. It highlights the need for clinical suspicion in diagnosing rare aortic conditions with neurological symptoms.

Keywords:
Chronic aortic dissectionbeta blockersimagingseizurestroke

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Chronic aortic dissection is a serious condition affecting the aorta's main artery.
  • Dissections can extend to critical arteries supplying the brain and limbs.
  • Neurological complications are potential, yet rare, manifestations.

Observation:

  • A rare case of extensive chronic aortic dissection involving subclavian, carotid, and iliac arteries is presented.
  • The patient simultaneously experienced acute embolic stroke and seizure.
  • This presentation required high clinical suspicion for diagnosis.

Findings:

  • The study demonstrates a unique correlation between chronic aortic dissection and multi-organ dysfunction.
  • Chronic ischemia resulting from aortic dissection can manifest in diverse systemic effects.
  • Neurological symptoms like stroke and seizure can be linked to aortic pathology.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering aortic dissection in patients with unexplained neurological events.
  • Early diagnosis and management of extensive aortic dissection are crucial to prevent severe complications.
  • Further research into the link between aortic dissection and systemic ischemia is warranted.