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A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization

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Lactobacillus gasseri Causing Bilateral Empyema.

Angela Esquibel¹, Ala S Dababneh², Bharath Raj Palraj²

¹Division of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, 800 West Avenue South, La Crosse, WI 54601, USA.

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases

|November 18, 2017

Summary

Lactobacillus gasseri, typically harmless, caused severe lung infections (empyema) in a diabetic patient. Prompt surgical intervention led to a full recovery, highlighting the need for vigilance with these bacteria.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Infectious Diseases
Pulmonology

Background:

Lactobacilli are commensal bacteria residing in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts.
While generally considered nonpathogenic, rare instances of severe infections caused by Lactobacilli have been documented.

Observation:

A 49-year-old male with undiagnosed type two diabetes mellitus presented with a 3-month history of cough.
The patient was diagnosed with right-sided empyema caused by Lactobacillus gasseri, necessitating video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and chest tube placement.

Findings:

Following initial treatment, the patient developed a contralateral left-sided pleural empyema.
Aspiration of the left pleural effusion also revealed Lactobacillus gasseri, indicating a persistent or recurrent infection.

Implications:

This case underscores that Lactobacillus species, including L. gasseri, can act as opportunistic pathogens, leading to severe infections like empyema.
The successful management of this patient highlights the importance of considering unusual pathogens in complex infections, particularly in individuals with underlying conditions such as diabetes mellitus.