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Updated: Feb 18, 2026

A Neuroscientific Approach to the Examination of Concussions in Student-Athletes
Published on: December 8, 2014
Psychiatric Sequelae of Concussions
David A Brent1,2, Jeffrey Max3,4
1Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 3811 O'Hara Street, Room 311 Bellefield Towers, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. brentda@upmc.edu.
Purpose Of Review:
The purpose of this study was to review the frequency, risk factors, phenomenology, and course of prolonged recovery from concussion and of psychiatric sequelae in pediatric populations.
Recent Findings:
Youth with prolonged recovery from concussions have higher initial symptoms, a history of multiple and/or recent concussions, and a tendency to somatization. Depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, behavioral disorders, and perhaps, suicidal behavior disorder are more common as both short- and longer-term sequelae of concussions. The weight of evidence supports a graduated return to function as compared to prolonged rest, which may actually impede recovery. For those with prolonged recovery, cognitive behavior therapy aimed at education about concussions, improving coping, problem-solving, sleep hygiene, and dealing with anxiety and depression provided in a collaborative care model is superior to usual care. Concussed youth have an increased risk of psychiatric symptoms and sleep disturbance that can be prevented or treated with proper management.
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