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Editorial Perspective: Whatever happened to temperament?

William B Carey1

  • 1Division of General Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines
|November 18, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The disease model of psychopathology may obscure crucial information. Reconsidering normal temperament traits, like those from the New York Longitudinal Study, as risk or protective factors is vital for understanding behavioral outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • The disease model of psychopathology has dominated clinical psychology and psychiatry.
  • Normal behavioral style traits, such as activity and resilience, have been historically overlooked in outcome assessments.
  • The New York Longitudinal Study (NYLS) identified nine normal temperament traits, first described by Chess and Thomas in 1956.

Discussion:

  • An editorial questioned the field's strict adherence to the disease model, suggesting it may obscure important information.
  • Dr. Burt highlighted studies where normal behavioral traits significantly influenced outcomes.
  • There is a recent resurgence in recognizing the importance of these normal temperament traits.

Key Insights:

  • All nine NYLS temperament traits (activity, resilience, adaptability, irregularity, inhibition, intensity, irritability, persistence, distractibility, and sensitivity) can impact mental health outcomes.
  • Normal temperamental predispositions, not solely pathological factors, should be considered in evaluating behavioral outcomes.
  • Integrating temperament research offers a more holistic view of psychological development and well-being.

Outlook:

  • Future research should explore the interplay between all nine NYLS traits and various mental health conditions.
  • Clinical assessments should incorporate temperament evaluations as potential risk or protective factors.
  • A paradigm shift towards a more comprehensive model that includes temperament is necessary for a deeper understanding of psychopathology.