Tobacco cessation interventions for young people
Thomas R Fanshawe1, William Halliwell, Nicola Lindson
1Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|November 18, 2017
Summary
Limited evidence suggests group counseling may help adolescents quit smoking, but more research is needed. Few interventions show long-term success for teenage smoking cessation.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Addiction Medicine
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Adolescent smoking remains prevalent despite prevention-focused tobacco control programs.
- Effectiveness of adult smoking cessation interventions in adolescents is unclear.
- This is an updated Cochrane Review examining smoking cessation strategies for young people.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of various strategies aimed at helping young people cease tobacco smoking.
- To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials on adolescent smoking cessation interventions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of individually and cluster-randomized controlled trials.
- Included participants were regular tobacco smokers aged under 20 years.
- Interventions encompassed pharmacotherapy, psychosocial support, and complex programs; primary outcome was smoking status at 6+ months.
Main Results:
- Forty-one trials with over 13,000 participants were included; most studies had high or unclear risk of bias.
- Group counseling showed a statistically significant intervention effect (RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.77).
- Individual counseling, mixed methods, computer/messaging interventions, and pharmacotherapies showed no clear effectiveness; evidence certainty was low to very low.
Conclusions:
- Limited evidence supports behavioral support or cessation medication for long-term adolescent smoking cessation.
- Group-based behavioral interventions show the most promise, but evidence remains limited across all types.
- High-quality, adequately powered randomized controlled trials are needed for this population.
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