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The role of microRNAs in chronic respiratory disease: recent insights

Lindsay R Stolzenburg1,2, Ann Harris1,2,3

  • 1Human Molecular Genetics Program, Lurie Children's Research Center, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.

Biological Chemistry
|November 18, 2017
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators in chronic lung diseases like COPD and asthma. Research highlights their role in disease progression and potential for new miRNA-based therapies and biomarkers.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Chronic respiratory diseases, including cystic fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, COPD, and asthma, affect millions globally.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, are critical regulators of gene expression.
  • Dysregulated miRNA expression is implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on miRNA expression and function in chronic respiratory diseases.
  • To highlight the potential of miRNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
  • To identify areas for future research in miRNA-based lung disorder treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies on miRNA in chronic respiratory diseases.
  • Analysis of miRNA expression patterns in lung tissue, inflammatory cells, and circulation.
  • Evaluation of the functional roles of miRNAs in disease development and progression.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs are significantly altered in various chronic respiratory conditions.
  • These alterations contribute to disease mechanisms, acting as both drivers and modifiers.
  • miRNAs show promise as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of chronic respiratory diseases.
  • Further research is essential to translate miRNA findings into clinical applications.
  • miRNA-based strategies offer a promising avenue for novel treatments and diagnostics for lung disorders.
Keywords:
chronic diseaselungmicroRNArespiratory diseasetherapy

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