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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
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Application of Mouse Parthenogenetic Haploid Embryonic Stem Cells as a Substitute of Sperm
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Genome Engineering Using Haploid Embryonic Stem Cells.

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  • 1Biosignal Genome Resource Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.

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Haploid embryonic stem cells simplify genetic studies by allowing direct observation of gene function. The CRISPR/Cas system in these cells enables efficient genome editing for research and creating gene-modified animals.

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CRISPR/CasCas9embryonic stem cellhaploidscreening

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Haploid cells, with a single set of chromosomes, are valuable for studying gene function due to observable loss-of-function phenotypes.
  • Recent advancements include the generation of haploid embryonic stem (ES) cells in various mammalian species, including humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the utility of haploid ES cells for genetic manipulation.
  • To showcase the enhanced capabilities of the CRISPR/Cas system when combined with haploid ES cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing haploid ES cells for genome editing applications.
  • Employing the CRISPR/Cas system for high-efficiency gene knockouts and knockins.
  • Nuclear transplantation of haploid ES cells into oocytes.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated enhanced genome-editing potential of CRISPR/Cas in haploid ES cells.
  • Achieved high-efficiency generation of multiple gene modifications (knockouts and knockins).
  • Successfully generated live mice from haploid ES cells via nuclear transplantation.

Conclusions:

  • Haploid ES cells offer a powerful platform for mammalian genome manipulation and functional genomics.
  • CRISPR/Cas technology in haploid ES cells facilitates efficient genome-wide screening and gene modification.
  • This approach provides a novel strategy for generating gene-modified animals.