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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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Homologous Recombination02:31

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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In-vitro Mutagenesis01:16

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To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
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The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR

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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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Designing, Packaging, and Delivery of High Titer CRISPR Retro and Lentiviruses via Stereotaxic Injection
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CRISPR in Animals and Animal Models.

Ellen Shrock1, Marc Güell2

  • 1Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
|November 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary

CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing has transformed animal research, enabling faster, more extensive genetic modifications. This technology is advancing disease modeling, therapeutic development, and agricultural applications, with future potential for complex diseases and organ transplantation.

Keywords:
CRISPR–Cas9animal modelsgene editing technologygenetic modificationtransgenic animals

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Animal Science

Background:

  • CRISPR-Cas9 has emerged as a powerful tool for genetic engineering.
  • Its efficiency, multiplexing capability, and ease of use have significantly advanced transgenic animal generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact and applications of CRISPR-Cas9 technology in animal research.
  • To highlight current achievements and future prospects of CRISPR-Cas9 in various industries.

Main Methods:

  • Application of CRISPR-Cas9 across diverse animal species, from invertebrates to primates.
  • Utilizing CRISPR-Cas9 for genome-wide screens in model organisms.
  • Construction of accurate animal models for human diseases.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR-Cas9 has drastically reduced time and cost for genome editing in animals.
  • Enabled extensive genetic modifications and the creation of accurate disease models.
  • Successful translation of genetic modification achievements into agricultural and pharmaceutical products.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-Cas9 technology is revolutionizing animal transgenesis and biomedical research.
  • Future applications include understanding complex genetic diseases, xenotransplantation, and disease prevention strategies.
  • The technology holds immense potential for future advancements in medicine, agriculture, and conservation.