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For Whom Do Parenting Interventions to Prevent Adolescent Substance Use Work?

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Adolescent Psychology
  • Family Studies

Background:

  • Adolescent substance use remains a critical public health concern.
  • Parent training interventions are proven effective in preventing youth substance use.
  • Limited data exists on intervention effectiveness across diverse adolescent demographics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate parent training program effectiveness in reducing adolescent substance use.
  • To analyze effectiveness based on participant gender, age, and race/ethnicity.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from major databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, ERIC, CINAHL, PsycINFO) up to October 2016.
  • Inclusion criteria: RCTs of parent training, reporting youth substance use (tobacco, alcohol, illicit drugs), and adolescents aged 10-19.
  • Data synthesis via harvest plots stratified by demographics; risk of bias assessment.

Main Results:

  • 38 unique studies included from 1806 identified publications; high risk of bias noted.
  • Few studies targeted males, late adolescents, or specific minority groups (Asian-American, Black/African-American, Hispanic/Latino).
  • Interventions were more effective for early adolescents (10-14 years) and inclusive of both genders; tailored or multi-ethnic programs showed efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Parent training is beneficial for reducing adolescent substance use across various demographics.
  • Early adolescence and inclusive demographic targeting enhance intervention effectiveness.
  • Parenting guidance is recommended for all families with adolescent children.