Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

25.3K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
25.3K
Infection01:20

Infection

12.9K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
12.9K
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

4.7K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
4.7K
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

2.0K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
2.0K
Causality in Epidemiology01:21

Causality in Epidemiology

1.7K
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
1.7K
Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

33.2K
Overview
33.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

["Bringing one's own unique perspective into research" - Participants' experiences and perceptions regarding the implementation of a citizen advisory board in general practice research].

Zeitschrift fur Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualitat im Gesundheitswesen·2026
Same author

Targeted Chromosomal Sequencing of Wild Bonobos Identifies a Genetically Distinct Subpopulation East of the Lomami River.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Epistemic preparedness.

BMJ global health·2025
Same author

Using Qualitative Research in Community Engagement to Capture and Mitigate Vulnerability Mechanisms in the Face of Infectious Diseases: Insights From a Research-Based Program in Five European Countries During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Qualitative health research·2025
Same author

Anthropology of infectious disease emergence and epidemic control: a review.

Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·2025
Same author

Motivation to continue and the value of care work among French Red Cross volunteers and workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods study.

BMC public health·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Preparation and Gene Modification of Nonhuman Primate Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
11:16

Preparation and Gene Modification of Nonhuman Primate Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

Published on: February 15, 2019

8.1K

Rethinking Human-Nonhuman Primate Contact and Pathogenic Disease Spillover.

Victor Narat1, Lys Alcayna-Stevens1, Stephanie Rupp2

  • 1Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724, Paris Cedex, France.

Ecohealth
|November 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Human-animal contact drives zoonotic disease risk, but the term "contact" is used inconsistently. More precise definitions and consideration of ecological, social, and historical factors are needed for understanding pathogen transmission.

Keywords:
Disease emergenceHuman–animal contactNonhuman primatesOne HealthSpilloverZoonosis

More Related Videos

Application of I TASSER, trRosetta, UCSF Chimera, HADDOCK server, and HEX loria for De Novo and In Silico Design of Proteins
05:08

Application of I TASSER, trRosetta, UCSF Chimera, HADDOCK server, and HEX loria for De Novo and In Silico Design of Proteins

Published on: July 8, 2025

1.2K
Author Spotlight: A Cost-Effective Genomic Workflow for Advancing Rabies Control in Resource-Limited Settings
10:26

Author Spotlight: A Cost-Effective Genomic Workflow for Advancing Rabies Control in Resource-Limited Settings

Published on: August 18, 2023

6.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Preparation and Gene Modification of Nonhuman Primate Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
11:16

Preparation and Gene Modification of Nonhuman Primate Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

Published on: February 15, 2019

8.1K
Application of I TASSER, trRosetta, UCSF Chimera, HADDOCK server, and HEX loria for De Novo and In Silico Design of Proteins
05:08

Application of I TASSER, trRosetta, UCSF Chimera, HADDOCK server, and HEX loria for De Novo and In Silico Design of Proteins

Published on: July 8, 2025

1.2K
Author Spotlight: A Cost-Effective Genomic Workflow for Advancing Rabies Control in Resource-Limited Settings
10:26

Author Spotlight: A Cost-Effective Genomic Workflow for Advancing Rabies Control in Resource-Limited Settings

Published on: August 18, 2023

6.5K

Area of Science:

  • Zoonotic disease research
  • One Health
  • Anthropology

Background:

  • Zoonotic transmissions pose significant global health risks, with human-animal contact often cited as a primary driver.
  • Existing literature frequently links increased human-animal contact to higher risks of disease spillover.
  • The term "contact" itself lacks rigorous analysis and consistent definition in studies of zooanthroponosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically analyze the term "contact" in the context of human-nonhuman primate (NHP) engagements and pathogen transmission.
  • To explore how spatial overlap between human and NHP habitats influences disease transmission dynamics.
  • To integrate anthropological perspectives on historical, social, and environmental processes shaping zoonotic spillovers.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-disciplinary literature review of studies on human-NHP interactions and pathogen transmission, focusing on the use of the term "contact".
  • Examination of research on spatial overlap between human and NHP habitats as a factor in disease transmission.
  • Integration of anthropological approaches to understand broader contextual factors influencing zoonotic spillovers.

Main Results:

  • The term "contact" is inconsistently and imprecisely applied across studies, often overlooking pathogen diversity and transmission routes.
  • Spatial overlap of habitats is considered but does not fully explain the mechanisms bringing together hosts, pathogens, and humans.
  • Anthropological and historical analyses offer a more comprehensive understanding of the processes underlying zoonotic spillover events.

Conclusions:

  • Researchers must precisely define "human-animal contact" when investigating zoonotic diseases.
  • Broader ecological, social, and historical contexts are crucial for understanding pathogen transmission dynamics between humans and animals.
  • An integrated approach, combining contact analysis, spatial considerations, and socio-historical factors, is essential for predicting and mitigating zoonotic risks.