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Effect of neonatal orally administered S-allyl cysteine in high-fructose diet fed Wistar rats
B W Lembede1, K H Erlwanger1, P Nkomozepi2
11School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences,University of the Witwatersrand,Parktown,Johannesburg,Republic of South Africa.
Insights
Neonatal S-allyl cysteine (SAC) administration protected against fructose-induced liver fat accumulation in adult rats. However, it did not prevent obesity caused by high-fructose diets in adulthood.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Metabolic Health
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- S-allyl cysteine (SAC) possesses known antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiobesity properties.
- Early-life nutrition can influence long-term metabolic health and susceptibility to diet-induced diseases.
- High-fructose diets are linked to adverse metabolic outcomes, including hepatic lipid accumulation and obesity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective effects of neonatal S-allyl cysteine (SAC) administration against high-fructose diet-induced metabolic dysfunction in rats.
- To determine if early-life SAC exposure can prevent adverse metabolic programming from neonatal and adult high-fructose intake.
Main Methods:
- 112 Wistar rat pups received daily oral treatments of distilled water, 20% fructose solution, SAC, or SAC+fructose from postnatal day 6-20.
- After weaning, rats were fed standard rat chow, with subgroups receiving either plain water or 20% fructose solution for 8 weeks.
- Tissue analysis was performed post-euthanasia to assess metabolic outcomes.
Main Results:
- Neonatal SAC administration attenuated hepatic lipid accretion programmed by early-life high-fructose exposure.
- Neonatal SAC treatment did not prevent visceral obesity induced by high-fructose diets during adulthood.
- Early-life SAC administration showed potential in mitigating liver fat accumulation in later life.
Conclusions:
- Neonatal S-allyl cysteine (SAC) administration offers protection against neonatal high-fructose diet-induced hepatic lipid accumulation.
- SAC may play a role in preventing fat-mediated liver derangements in adult life.
- Further research is needed to explore SAC's efficacy against obesity and other metabolic consequences of adult high-fructose consumption.
Abstract:
S-allyl cysteine (SAC) has antioxidant, antidiabetic and antiobesity properties. We hypothesized that neonatal oral administration of SAC would protect rats against neonatal and adulthood high-fructose diet-induced adverse metabolic outcomes in adulthood. In total, 112 (males=56; females=56), 4-day-old Wistar rat pups were randomly allocated to groups and administered the following treatment regimens daily for 15 days from postnatal day (PND) 6-20: group I - 10 ml/kg distilled water, group II - 10 ml/kg 20% fructose solution (FS), group III - 150 mg/kg SAC and group IV - SAC+FS. On PND 21, the pups were weaned and allowed to grow on a standard rat chow (SRC) until PND 56. The rats from each treatment regimen were then randomly split into two subgroups: one on a SRC and plain drinking water and another on SRC and 20% FS as drinking fluid and then subjected to these treatment regimens for 8 weeks after which they were euthanized and tissues collected for analyzes. Neonatal oral administration of SAC attenuated the neonatal high-fructose diet-induced programming for hepatic lipid accretion in adulthood but not against adulthood high-fructose diet-induced visceral obesity. Neonatal oral administration of SAC programmes for protection against neonatal fructose-induced programming for hepatic lipid accumulation thus could potentially protect against fat-mediated liver derangements in adult life.
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