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Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay ELISPOT: Quantification of Th-1 Cellular Immune Responses Against Microbial Antigens
Published on: November 23, 2010
Th1 cytokines, true functional signatures for protective immunity against TB?
Gucheng Zeng1, Guoliang Zhang2, Xinchun Chen3
1Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control of the Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
Abstract:
The lack of an effective preventative vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) presents a great challenge to TB control. Since it takes an extremely long time to accurately determine the protective efficacy of TB vaccines, there is a great need to identify the surrogate signatures of protection to facilitate vaccine development. Unfortunately, antigen-specific Th1 cytokines that are currently used to evaluate the protective efficacy of the TB vaccine, do not align with the protection and failure of TB vaccine candidates in clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the limitation of current Th1 cytokines as surrogates of protection and address the potential elements that should be considered to finalize the true functional signatures of protective immunity against TB.
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