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A 100-Year Review: Carbohydrates-Characterization, digestion, and utilization
Mary Beth Hall1, David R Mertens2
1US Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-ARS, Madison WI 53706.
Journal of Dairy Science
|November 21, 2017
Summary
Over 100 years, dairy cattle nutrition research has evolved significantly, improving our understanding of carbohydrate utilization and effects in cattle. Advances in analytical methods have driven progress in feeding standards and knowledge of ruminal carbohydrate digestion.
Area of Science:
- Dairy cattle nutrition
- Animal science
- Ruminant physiology
Background:
- The Journal of Dairy Science has chronicled a century of advancements in understanding dietary carbohydrates for dairy cattle.
- Early research focused on crude fiber and nitrogen-free extract, with limited understanding of "unidentified factors".
Observation:
- Scientific investigation has progressed from basic analytical components to complex whole-animal utilization and ruminal effects of carbohydrates.
- New analytical methods have historically paralleled and stimulated advances in research and the development of feeding standards.
Findings:
- A comprehensive understanding of carbohydrate roles in dairy cattle nutrition has been established over the past 100 years.
- Modern analytical schemes provide detailed insights into ruminal and whole-animal carbohydrate metabolism.
Implications:
- This historical review highlights the significant legacy of dairy cattle nutrition research.
- Continued growth in knowledge is expected, building upon a century of scientific discovery and improved analytical techniques.
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