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Protein-Based Inheritance: Epigenetics beyond the Chromosome.

Zachary H Harvey1, Yiwen Chen1, Daniel F Jarosz2

  • 1Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Molecular Cell
|November 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Protein-based epigenetic inheritance, driven by self-templating proteins called prions, allows genetically identical cells to exhibit diverse phenotypes. This mechanism is widespread across all life forms.

Keywords:
epigenetic inheritanceprions

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Epigenetics involves heritable changes in phenotype without altering DNA sequence.
  • Traditionally studied via chromatin modification, epigenetic regulation also occurs through protein activity.
  • Protein-based epigenetic elements, or prions, self-template to alter cellular function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of protein-based epigenetic inheritance.
  • To underscore the role of prions in generating phenotypic diversity.
  • To establish the prevalence of protein-based epigenetic mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on protein-based epigenetic elements.
  • Analysis of prion self-templating mechanisms.
  • Comparative study across different life domains.

Main Results:

  • Prions serve as key protein-based epigenetic elements, self-templating across generations.
  • These elements enable diverse and adaptive phenotypes in genetically identical cells.
  • Protein-based epigenetic inheritance is found in all domains of life.

Conclusions:

  • Protein-based epigenetic inheritance is a fundamental biological mechanism.
  • Prions are crucial for transmitting epigenetic information.
  • This mechanism contributes significantly to cellular adaptation and evolution.