Current treatments for anal condylomata acuminata

Condylomata acuminata are the most common sexually transmitted disease worldwide. They are not usually a serious problem, but it causes emotional distress to patient and physician alike because of its marked tendency to recurrence. The presence of anogenital warts mandates treatment, also for potential degeneration of the lesions.

A review of the literature has been performed to analyze proposed treatments for anogenital warts.

Many treatments have been employed. They include cytotoxic agents, immunomodulation and physical ablation. The choice of the appropriate treatment varies depending on the number, size, and location of warts. Complications of various treatments are rare but include permanent depigmentation, itching, pain, scarring, bleeding, anal stenosis or incontinence and sepsis. The therapy of these lesions can sometimes be very painful and expensive, and therapy should not be worse than the disease.

No specific antiviral treatment is currently available, and no consensus has been reached on the appropriate treatment for anogenital warts. No data are available to indicate whether treatment eliminates infectivity, the primary aim of treatment being to remove the lesions. There is a paucity of published randomized trials. Despite the introduction of antiviral treatments such as interferon, immunomodulating agents or imiquimod, surgical destruction or removal remains the treatment of choice.