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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

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Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
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Medication Management Apps: Usable by Older Adults?

Rachel E Stuck1, Amy W Chong1, Tracy L Mitzner1

  • 1School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA.

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Medication reminder apps often fail older adults due to poor design. This study highlights navigation, visibility, and transparency issues, offering guidance for better app development for seniors managing medications.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Medication management is challenging for older adults, increasing the risk of non-adherence.
  • Medication reminder applications are recommended assistive tools but often lack age-appropriate design.
  • Usability issues in current apps can hinder effective medication adherence for the elderly population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the suitability of medication reminder apps for older adults.
  • To identify specific usability and design challenges faced by elderly users.
  • To provide recommendations for designing user-centered medication reminder applications for seniors.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a cognitive walkthrough and heuristic evaluation of a leading medication reminder app.
  • Analyzed user reviews for the top five downloaded medication reminder applications.
  • Assessed app functionality and identified usability problems through qualitative analysis.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant issues in navigation, visibility, and transparency in the evaluated medication reminder app.
  • User reviews highlighted various functional and usability problems across top-rated apps.
  • Common challenges include difficulties in understanding app interfaces and accessing features.

Conclusions:

  • Current medication reminder apps present barriers for older adults.
  • App design must prioritize ease of navigation, clear visibility, and transparent functionality for elderly users.
  • Improved app design can enhance medication adherence and support health management in older adults.