Exposure-response relationship of certolizumab pegol induction and maintenance therapy in patients with Crohn's
N Vande Casteele1,2, B G Feagan2, S Vermeire3
1Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Background:
Therapeutic drug monitoring may optimize therapy for Crohn's disease (CD).
Aim:
To use a population pharmacokinetic model that accounts for the time-varying nature of covariates to simulate certolizumab pegol (CZP) concentrations to evaluate the exposure-response relationship for CZP in Crohn's disease.
Methods:
Adults (N = 2157) with Crohn's disease were treated with CZP in nine clinical trials. Simulated CZP concentrations were compared to outcomes at weeks 6 and 26, including Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) response (decrease from baseline ≥ 100 points), remission (CDAI ≤ 150), C-reactive protein (CRP) ≤ 5 mg/L, faecal calprotectin (FC) ≤ 250 μg/g, and a composite endpoint of CDAI ≤ 150 and FC ≤ 250 μg/g. Multivariable analyses identified covariates associated with outcomes and receiver operating characteristic analyses determined optimal CZP concentrations.
Results:
CZP concentrations at weeks 2, 4 and 6 were higher in patients with clinical response, remission, CRP ≤ 5 mg/L or FC ≤ 250 μg/g at week 6 than without. In multivariable analyses, higher CZP concentrations at week 6 were associated with the composite outcome at weeks 6 and 26 (P < .001). Although the exposure-response relationship varied among patients, approximate CZP concentrations of at least 36.1 μg/mL (positive predictive value [PPV] 22.8% and negative predictive value [NPV] 92.7%) and at least 14.8 μg/mL (PPV 28.0% and NPV 90.4%) at weeks 6 and 12 were associated with weeks 6 and 26 outcomes.
Conclusions:
An exposure-response relationship was apparent for CZP in Crohn's disease and achieving higher CZP concentrations may increase the likelihood of attaining efficacy outcomes, but this remains to be evaluated prospectively.
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