An experimental study of ascorbic acid effects in acute renal failure under general anesthesia

Area of Science:

• Anesthesiology
• Nephrology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Sevoflurane is a widely used inhalation anesthetic.
• Sevoflurane can induce acute renal failure (ARF).
• Ascorbic acid (AA) is an antioxidant with potential protective properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the preventive effect of ascorbic acid on sevoflurane-induced acute renal failure.
• To evaluate dose-dependent effects of ascorbic acid.

Main Methods:

• Adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: sevoflurane only, sevoflurane + moderate AA dose, and sevoflurane + high AA dose.
• Acute renal failure was induced using glycerol and sevoflurane anesthesia.
• Biochemical markers (BUN, creatinine, NGAL, TAC, PCO) and histopathological changes were assessed.

Main Results:

• Higher ascorbic acid doses significantly reduced neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels.
• Ascorbic acid administration led to higher total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and lower urea and creatinine levels compared to sevoflurane alone.
• Histopathological analysis revealed reduced acute tubular necrosis and fibrin formation in groups receiving ascorbic acid, with more pronounced effects at higher doses.

Conclusions:

• Ascorbic acid demonstrates prophylactic effects against renal damage induced by sevoflurane.
• Higher doses of ascorbic acid are associated with more significant protective effects on the kidneys.