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Shape Control: Cell Growth Hits the Mechanical Buffers.

Andrew Fleming1

  • 1Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, UK.

Current Biology : CB
|November 22, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Organ shape is robust despite differing cell growth rates. A new system restrains fast-growing cells, maintaining consistent organ size and form.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Cellular mechanics
  • Organogenesis

Background:

  • Organ development relies on coordinated cell growth.
  • Individual cell growth rate variations can impact final organ morphology.
  • Existing models do not fully explain robust organ shape determination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel mechanics-based system for understanding organ development.
  • To investigate how physical forces regulate cell growth and organ shape.
  • To identify mechanisms that ensure organ size and shape robustness.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a computational model simulating cell-cell interactions and growth.
  • Incorporation of mechanical feedback mechanisms to restrain cell growth.

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  • Analysis of organ size and shape under varying cellular growth conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • The proposed system effectively buffers the impact of individual cell growth rate differences.
    • Mechanically restraining faster-growing cells maintains organ size and shape consistency.
    • The model predicts a physical mechanism for robust organogenesis.

    Conclusions:

    • Physical constraints on cell growth are crucial for robust organ development.
    • This mechanics-based approach provides new insights into organ shape determination.
    • The findings have implications for understanding developmental disorders and tissue engineering.