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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia causing blood stream infection in neonates and infants: a cause for concern

Rinku Sah1, Shraddha Siwakoti2, Ratna Baral3

  • 11 Senior resident, Department of microbiology, 58594 BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences , Dharan, Nepal.

Tropical Doctor
|November 23, 2017
PubMed

Insights

A multidrug-resistant nosocomial bacterium, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, was isolated from pediatric blood cultures. Strict hand hygiene protocols implemented after identifying a healthcare provider as the source successfully eradicated the organism, preventing further spread.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hospital Epidemiology

Background:

  • Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a significant Gram-negative, non-fermentative, multidrug-resistant (MDR) nosocomial pathogen.
  • Nosocomial infections pose a substantial threat in healthcare settings, particularly in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the isolation of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from blood cultures in a pediatric emergency department.
  • To identify the source of S. maltophilia during a suspected outbreak and implement control measures.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective evaluation of blood culture specimens from the Paediatric Emergency Department (PED).
  • Investigation by the hospital infection control team to identify the source of bacterial isolation.
  • Implementation and enforcement of strict hand hygiene protocols.

Main Results:

  • Seven blood culture specimens yielded Stenotrophomonas maltophilia over a two-week period.
  • A healthcare provider's hand was identified as the source harboring the organism.
  • Following strict hand hygiene enforcement, no further isolation of S. maltophilia occurred.

Conclusions:

  • Healthcare-associated Stenotrophomonas maltophilia outbreaks can be linked to contaminated hands of healthcare providers.
  • Rigorous adherence to hand hygiene is critical for controlling the spread of nosocomial bacteria.
  • Effective infection control measures are essential in preventing and managing multidrug-resistant organism transmissions.
Keywords:
Asiabacterial infectiondisease prevention

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