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High-velocity projectile impact induced 9R phase in ultrafine-grained aluminium.

Sichuang Xue1, Zhe Fan1, Olawale B Lawal2

  • 1School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.

Nature Communications
|November 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered a rare 9R phase in aluminum using laser impact testing. This phase, typically absent due to high stacking fault energy, formed in ultrafine-grained aluminum and was stabilized by Frank loops.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Metallurgy
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Aluminum typically deforms through full dislocations due to its high stacking fault energy.
  • Twinning in aluminum is rare and usually requires low temperatures and high strain rates.
  • The 9R phase is exceptionally uncommon in aluminum because of its very high stacking fault energy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence and formation mechanisms of the 9R phase in aluminum under specific conditions.
  • To explore novel deformation mechanisms in ultrafine-grained metals with high stacking fault energies.

Main Methods:

  • Laser-induced projectile impact testing was employed to induce deformation.
  • Extensive post-impact microscopy analyses were used for characterization.
  • Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to reveal formation mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • A deformation-induced 9R phase, tens of nanometers wide, was discovered in ultrafine-grained aluminum (140 nm average grain size).
  • The stability of the observed 9R phase was linked to the presence of sessile Frank loops.
  • Molecular dynamics simulations elucidated the formation pathways of the 9R phase.

Conclusions:

  • This study demonstrates the possibility of forming the 9R phase in aluminum under high strain rate conditions.
  • The findings highlight a previously unrecognized deformation mechanism in metals with high stacking fault energies.
  • The research contributes to understanding phase transformations and defect structures in nanocrystalline metals.