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Human Locomotion in Hypogravity: From Basic Research to Clinical Applications.
Francesco Lacquaniti1,2,3, Yury P Ivanenko3, Francesca Sylos-Labini2,3
1Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Frontiers in Physiology
|November 23, 2017
Summary
Understanding locomotion in reduced gravity is crucial for space exploration and rehabilitation. Research highlights the need for tailored methods to ensure safe movement on the Moon and Mars.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Space Physiology
- Rehabilitation Science
Background:
- Extensive knowledge exists on Earth gravity compensation during locomotion.
- Limited understanding of sustained hypogravity locomotion poses risks for space missions.
- Future human exploration of the Moon and Mars necessitates predicting movement in reduced gravity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on locomotion in hypogravity.
- To discuss methods for simulating and studying hypogravity effects on movement.
- To explore applications of simulated hypogravity in clinical rehabilitation.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of existing data from lunar missions (Apollo).
- Review of experiments using parabolic flights and body weight support.
- Examination of theoretical models of locomotion in reduced gravity.
Main Results:
- Locomotion and mobility are jeopardized in hypogravity, increasing fall and injury risks.
- Current knowledge relies on limited data sources and theoretical models.
- Simulated hypogravity has potential applications in rehabilitation for deambulation disorders.
Conclusions:
- Multiple methods are needed to reliably study hypogravity locomotion.
- Non-linearities in locomotor parameters require careful consideration.
- Individualized approaches are essential for both space exploration and rehabilitation.
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