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Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues
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Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues

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Effects of carvedilol on vascular reactivity in human left internal mammary artery

M Guzeloglu1, E Ertuna, M Z Arun

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Optimed Hospital, Cerkezkoy-Tekirdag, Turkey. mehmetguzeloglu@optimedhastanesi.com.

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
|November 23, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Carvedilol may help prevent left internal mammary artery (LIMA) graft spasm during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. It enhances the effects of common vasodilators like diltiazem and papaverine, potentially reducing complications.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Pharmacology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) commonly uses the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) as an arterial graft.
  • Perioperative spasm of LIMA grafts can lead to significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Pharmacological agents are essential for preventing and treating LIMA spasm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of carvedilol on LIMA responses to vasoconstrictors.
  • To examine the interaction between carvedilol and commonly used vasodilators (diltiazem, papaverine) in LIMA rings.

Main Methods:

  • Isolated LIMA rings from CABG patients were used in organ bath studies.
  • Responses to norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), and diltiazem were measured before and after carvedilol incubation.
  • Relaxation responses to papaverine were compared between carvedilol-treated and placebo groups.

Main Results:

  • Carvedilol reduced LIMA sensitivity to NE but did not alter maximal contractile response.
  • Carvedilol increased contractile responses and sensitivity to 5-HT.
  • Carvedilol significantly enhanced the vasodilatory effects of diltiazem and papaverine.

Conclusions:

  • Carvedilol demonstrates potential in managing LIMA graft spasm.
  • Perioperative administration of carvedilol with diltiazem or papaverine may be beneficial for preventing or resolving LIMA spasm.
Abstract

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