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Case Report: Histoplasmosis: First Autochthonous Case from Israel
Adi Elias1, Khaldun Abu Saleh2, Nabil Faranesh2
1Department of Internal Medicine B, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel.
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|November 23, 2017
Summary
This study reports the first autochthonous Histoplasma infection in Israel, presenting atypically with hoarseness and weight loss. Early diagnosis and antifungal treatment were successful, suggesting potential underreporting of Histoplasma cases in the region.
Area of Science:
- Medical Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection typically caused by Histoplasma capsulatum.
- It is endemic in certain regions, primarily the Americas.
- Autochthonous cases outside endemic areas are rare.
Observation:
- A patient in Israel presented with unexplained hoarseness and significant weight loss.
- Clinical presentation was atypical for common infectious etiologies.
- Diagnostic workup included histopathology and molecular testing.
Findings:
- Pathology and molecular analyses confirmed an autochthonous Histoplasma infection.
- The patient showed a positive response to standard antifungal therapy.
- This represents the first reported case of Histoplasma infection in Israel and the Middle East.
Implications:
- The case highlights the potential for Histoplasma to occur in non-endemic regions.
- Atypical presentations may lead to underdiagnosis of histoplasmosis.
- Increased awareness and diagnostic vigilance are crucial for Histoplasma detection in new geographic areas.
