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APOBEC3A Expression in Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Martina Heller1, Elena-Sophie Prigge, Adam Kaczorowski

  • 1Section of Molecular Urooncology, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Pathobiology : Journal of Immunopathology, Molecular and Cellular Biology
|November 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing catalytic polypeptides (APOBEC3A) expression decreases in invasive HPV-negative penile cancers but remains high in HPV-positive cancers, suggesting a role in tumor suppression.

Keywords:
APOBECsHuman papillomavirusesPenile squamous cell carcinomas

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • APOBEC proteins are cytidine deaminases involved in antiviral defense and cancer hypermutation.
  • An APOBEC3 hypermutation signature is found in cervical cancer linked to human papillomavirus (HPV).
  • The role of APOBECs in penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) development, especially in HPV-driven cases, is largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression of APOBEC3A in penile SCC.
  • To determine the relationship between APOBEC3A expression and HPV status in penile SCC progression.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze APOBEC3A protein expression in 34 penile SCC samples.
  • HPV genotyping was performed using a multiplex hybridization assay after BSGP5+6+ primer amplification.

Main Results:

  • APOBEC3A protein expression was frequently reduced in the invasive regions of HPV-negative penile SCCs.
  • In contrast, HPV-positive penile SCCs largely maintained APOBEC3A expression during malignant progression.

Conclusions:

  • APOBEC3A expression is downregulated in invasive HPV-negative penile SCC.
  • APOBEC3A expression is maintained in HPV-positive penile SCC, suggesting a potential tumor suppressive role.
  • Further research is needed to understand how HPV-infected cells tolerate high APOBEC3A levels.