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Characterizing Microscopical Invasion Patterns in Canine Mast Cell Tumours and Soft Tissue Sarcomas.

D S Russell1, K L Townsend2, E Gorman1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.

Journal of Comparative Pathology
|November 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Objective histomorphological patterns of stromal invasion in canine mast cell tumors (MCTs) and soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) were defined. Asymmetrical invasion and margin size significantly correlate with incomplete excision in MCTs, aiding surgical planning for cutaneous malignancies.

Keywords:
doginvasionmast cell tumoursoft tissue sarcoma

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Canine Neoplasia

Background:

  • Stromal invasion in cutaneous malignancies lacks consistent definition and clinical relevance.
  • Objective histomorphological criteria for invasive patterns in canine tumors are needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define objective, quantifiable histomorphological invasive patterns in canine mast cell tumors (MCTs) and soft tissue sarcomas (STSs).
  • To correlate these invasive patterns with excisional status in surgically treated dogs.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of H&E stained slides from 69 canine tumors (50 MCTs, 19 STSs) for specific invasive features.
  • Analysis included invasion beyond subgross edge, asymmetry, satellite lesions, lymphovascular invasion, perineurovascular growth, fascial plane, intramuscular, and multicompartmental involvement.
  • Incomplete excision defined by digital histological tumor-free margins <1 mm.

Main Results:

  • Invasion was significantly greater circumferentially and deeply in MCTs compared to STSs (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0095, respectively).
  • Within MCTs, circumferential invasion exceeded deep invasion (P = 0.0076).
  • Asymmetrical invasion (OR 1.318) and smaller grossly normal circumferential surgical margin size (OR 0.776) were significantly associated with incomplete MCT excision.

Conclusions:

  • Objective histomorphological criteria for stromal invasion can be defined in canine cutaneous tumors.
  • Asymmetrical invasion is a key predictor of incomplete excision in MCTs, potentially guiding surgical margin assessment.
  • These findings support evidence-based strategies for surgical planning in canine cutaneous malignancies.