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Normative model for cold pressor test.

N E Walsh1, L Schoenfeld, S Ramamurthy

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7798.

American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
|February 1, 1989
PubMed
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This study established a mathematical model for pain tolerance using the cold pressor test. Norms reveal differences in pain tolerance based on age, sex, and ethnicity, with chronic pain patients showing similar patterns to healthy individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Pain research
  • Psychophysics
  • Mathematical modeling

Background:

  • The cold pressor test (CPT) is a common method for inducing pain.
  • Established normative models for pain tolerance quantification are lacking.
  • Understanding pain response variations is crucial for clinical and experimental settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a normative mathematical model for pain tolerance using the CPT.
  • To establish norms for pain tolerance across different demographic groups (age, sex, ethnicity).
  • To compare pain tolerance responses between chronic pain patients and healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited over 600 subjects for the cold pressor test.
  • Developed a mathematical model to quantify pain tolerance.

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  • Analyzed data to establish demographic norms and compare patient groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Developed normative data for pain tolerance based on age, sex, and ethnicity.
    • Identified ethnic and sex-based differences in pain tolerance, with Anglo-Saxon males exhibiting the longest tolerance.
    • Observed decreased pain tolerance with increasing age in males, but minimal change in females.
    • Chronic pain patients showed similar pain response patterns to healthy controls when adjusted for demographics.

    Conclusions:

    • A normative mathematical model for cold pressor test pain tolerance has been established.
    • Demographic factors significantly influence pain tolerance.
    • Chronic pain patients' responses, when normalized, align with those of pain-free individuals, suggesting underlying shared mechanisms.