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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

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Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However,...
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Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
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Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
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Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

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Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
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Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles01:32

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Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
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Actin filaments (F-actin) are composed of actin subunits. The dissociation of actin monomers can occur from either end of F-actin. The rate of dissociation is faster from the minus-end or the pointed end, where the actin subunits exist with a bound ADP, together known as ADP-actin. The depolymerization of F-actin is aided by proteins, including the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) and cofilin family of proteins, gelsolin, and glia maturation factor (GMF).
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Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Quantitative Measurement of Invadopodia-mediated Extracellular Matrix Proteolysis in Single and Multicellular Contexts
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Cortactin function in invadopodia.

Pauline Jeannot1,2, Arnaud Besson1,3

  • 1CRCT INSERM UMR1037, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier , CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France.

Small Gtpases
|November 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cortactin is a key protein regulating cell structures called invadosomes, which are crucial for cell invasion. This review details Cortactin

Keywords:
ARP2/3CortactinRac1Rho GTPasesactin cytoskeletoninvadopodiainvasionmigrationpodosome

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Actin remodeling is vital for cellular functions like motility and trafficking.
  • Cortactin, an actin nucleation factor, participates in branched actin networks and various cellular processes.
  • Invadosomes (invadopodia and podosomes) are specialized actin structures enabling cell migration and invasion in 3D environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the critical roles of Cortactin in the formation, function, and disassembly of invadosomes.
  • To highlight Cortactin's significance in cellular invasion processes relevant to invasive cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating Cortactin's involvement in actin dynamics and invadosome biology.
  • Analysis of research on Cortactin's function in cell migration, invasion, and cancer progression.

Main Results:

  • Cortactin is a central regulator of invadosome dynamics, influencing their assembly and disassembly.
  • Cortactin's overexpression is frequently observed in invasive cancers, correlating with disease progression.
  • The protein is implicated in diverse cellular activities including endocytosis, trafficking, adhesion, and migration.

Conclusions:

  • Cortactin is indispensable for the proper formation and function of invadosomes.
  • Understanding Cortactin's role in invadosomes provides insights into cancer invasion mechanisms.
  • Further research into Cortactin could reveal therapeutic targets for invasive cancers.