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Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Serum and Plasma Copy Number Detection Using Real-time PCR
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AR Copy Number and AR Signaling-directed Therapies in Castrationresistant Prostate Cancer

Samanta Salvi1, Vincenza Conteduca2, Cristian Lolli2

  • 1Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy.

Current Cancer Drug Targets
|November 28, 2017
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Androgen Receptor (AR) Copy Number (CN) is crucial for understanding resistance to prostate cancer therapies. Evaluating AR CN in biopsies can guide treatment selection and monitor disease progression in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC).

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Androgen Receptor (AR) upregulation drives progression from hormone-sensitive to Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC).
  • AR signaling is the primary target for therapies like abiraterone and enzalutamide in CRPC.
  • Tumor heterogeneity leads to variable outcomes in CRPC patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mechanisms of resistance to AR-targeted therapies.
  • To focus on the role of Androgen Receptor Copy Number (AR CN) in treatment resistance.
  • To discuss methods and clinical applications of AR CN evaluation as a biomarker.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on AR signaling and resistance mechanisms.
  • Analysis of methods for evaluating AR Copy Number (AR CN) in tissue and liquid biopsies.
  • Examination of the clinical utility of AR CN as a predictive and prognostic biomarker.

Main Results:

  • Adaptive AR upregulation is a key event in CRPC progression.
  • AR CN evaluation provides comprehensive information for its role as a predictive and prognostic biomarker.
  • AR CN can aid in patient selection and tumor monitoring for CRPC patients.

Conclusions:

  • AR CN evaluation is essential for understanding treatment response and resistance in CRPC.
  • Further research is needed to investigate AR CN's effect on therapies like abiraterone and enzalutamide.
  • Harmonized clinical trial designs incorporating AR CN are necessary for future studies.
Keywords:
AR copy numberAndrogen receptorCRPCbiomarkersoutcomeprostate cancer.

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