Cellular senescence and liver disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

Area of Science:

• Cellular biology
• Hepatology
• Molecular mechanisms

Background:

• Cellular senescence is a conserved cell fate characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest and metabolic activity.
• Senescence can prevent tumors but also influence surrounding cells via the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).
• Emerging evidence links cellular senescence to various liver diseases, highlighting its complex role.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the specific roles of cellular senescence in diverse liver diseases.
• To update the understanding of molecular mechanisms driving senescence in the liver.
• To explore novel therapeutic strategies targeting senescence for liver disease prevention and treatment.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of existing research on cellular senescence and liver disease.
• Analysis of molecular pathways involved in senescence induction and SASP.
• Evaluation of therapeutic approaches targeting senescent cells in preclinical and clinical studies.

Main Results:

• Cellular senescence is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of multiple liver diseases.
• The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) contributes to liver inflammation and fibrosis.
• Targeting senescent cells shows promise in ameliorating liver injury and disease.

Conclusions:

• Cellular senescence is a critical factor in liver disease, with both protective and detrimental effects.
• Understanding the molecular basis of senescence in the liver is crucial for developing effective therapies.
• Targeting senescent cells and SASP represents a promising therapeutic avenue for liver diseases.