Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...

Stem Cell Niche

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...

Olfaction

Olfaction

The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Can you trust your reconstructed lineage tree? A homoplasy-based approach for irreversible evolution.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

SpatioTemporal Omics Consortium: a global effort for biological discovery across species, space and time.

Nature methods·2026

Same author

Patterning human kidney organoids with synthetic Wnt-secreting organizers.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same author

Annotation-Based Gene-Peak Links Improve Regulatory Network Prediction of Gene Expression in Human Kidney Multi-Omics.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Brain and physiological responses to flavored waters with different sweeteners: a randomized crossover study in healthy young adults.

The American journal of clinical nutrition·2026

Same author

Risk-calibrated sharing of human brain data.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Triggering Reactive Gliosis In Vivo by a Forebrain Stab Injury

Triggering Reactive Gliosis In Vivo by a Forebrain Stab Injury

Published on: June 29, 2015

Injury Activates Transient Olfactory Stem Cell States with Diverse Lineage Capacities.

Levi Gadye¹, Diya Das², Michael A Sanchez³

¹Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

|November 28, 2017

Summary

Adult stem cells in the mouse olfactory epithelium shift to unique regenerative states after injury, enabling repair. Sox2 is crucial for their progression to neuronal progenitors, revealing conserved regeneration strategies.

Keywords:

cell fate cell state lineage lineage tracing olfactory regeneration scRNA-seq stem cells

More Related Videos

Isolating Nasal Olfactory Stem Cells from Rodents or Humans

Isolating Nasal Olfactory Stem Cells from Rodents or Humans

Published on: August 22, 2011

Transplantation of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells to Evaluate Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury

Transplantation of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells to Evaluate Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury

Published on: February 23, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Triggering Reactive Gliosis In Vivo by a Forebrain Stab Injury

Triggering Reactive Gliosis In Vivo by a Forebrain Stab Injury

Published on: June 29, 2015

Isolating Nasal Olfactory Stem Cells from Rodents or Humans

Isolating Nasal Olfactory Stem Cells from Rodents or Humans

Published on: August 22, 2011

Transplantation of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells to Evaluate Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury

Transplantation of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells to Evaluate Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury

Published on: February 23, 2014

Area of Science:

Stem cell biology
Regenerative medicine
Olfactory system development

Background:

Tissue homeostasis and regeneration rely on adult stem cell renewal and differentiation.
Mechanisms regulating stem cell fate under varying conditions remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate transcriptional changes during stem cell self-renewal and differentiation.
To track stem cell-derived clone maturation during regeneration.
To identify key factors regulating stem cell fate transitions.

Main Methods:

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis
Sparse lineage tracing in regenerating mouse olfactory epithelium
Functional assessment of Sox2's role

Main Results:

Quiescent olfactory stem cells adopt transient, activated states post-injury, supporting repair processes like barrier formation and proliferation.
Multiple cell fates, including stem cell renewal and progenitor commitment, are established early in the activation window.
Sox2 is essential for the transition from activated states to neuronal progenitor fates.

Conclusions:

Olfactory stem cells exhibit specialized activation states for efficient regeneration.
Sox2 plays a critical role in directing stem cell differentiation towards neuronal lineages.
Identified regenerative strategies may be conserved across different adult stem cell niches.