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Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

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Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS)
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Evolutionary psychology explores the origins of human behavior and mental processes by framing them within the context of natural selection, a theory famously propounded by Charles Darwin. This field asserts that many behaviors common across human societies — ranging from instinctive fear reactions to complex social interactions — arose as evolutionary adaptations. These adaptations enhanced the survival and reproductive success of our ancestors, thereby becoming embedded in the...
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Biological information systems: Evolution as cognition-based information management.

William B Miller1

  • 16526 N. 59th St., Paradise Valley, AZ 85253, United States.

Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology
|November 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evolutionary biology is reframed as information management. Organisms assess and manage information for survival, with this process driving evolution from unicellular to multicellular life.

Keywords:
Biological information managementCellular engineeringCognition-based evolutionHolobiontNiche constructionSelf-reference

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Information Theory
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Biological systems require information processing for survival and adaptation.
  • Environmental challenges necessitate robust information assessment by organisms.
  • Existing evolutionary models do not fully account for information management's role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an alternative synthesis of evolutionary biology based on integrated self-referential information management.
  • To conceptualize biological evolution as an epiphenomenon of information processing.
  • To introduce Cognition-Based Evolution (CBE) as a framework.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual framework development.
  • Analysis of information flow in biological systems from cellular to organismal scales.
  • Integration of concepts from information theory and evolutionary biology.

Main Results:

  • Cells are central to biological action through self-referential information assessment and niche construction.
  • Unicellular and multicellular life forms arise from distinct scales of information management.
  • Cognition-Based Evolution posits that information assessment and deployment precede natural selection.

Conclusions:

  • Evolutionary biology can be understood as a dynamic interactome of information assessment, communication, and management.
  • Self-referential information management is a fundamental driver of biological organization and evolution.
  • This framework offers a new perspective on the mechanisms underlying life's complexity.