Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

1.0K
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
1.0K
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

658
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
658
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

416
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
416
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

3.3K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
3.3K
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

374
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
374
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

4.0K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
4.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Too Old for PESI?: Risk Stratification of Octogenarians with Pulmonary Embolism in the Emergency Department.

Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis·2026
Same author

Effect of Intramuscular Adrenaline on Histamine-Induced Hypotension: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial.

Allergy·2026
Same author

Ecarin-based coagulation monitoring of argatroban in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a prospective observational study.

British journal of anaesthesia·2025
Same author

Cannula-Associated Deep Vein Thrombosis After Extracorporeal Life Support: A Prospective Diagnostic Study.

Journal of clinical medicine·2025
Same author

Economic, cultural and social inequalities in potentially inappropriate medication-An Austrian perspective.

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift·2025
Same author

Sex-Related Differences in On-Treatment Platelet Reactivity in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Biomedicines·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function
05:41

Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function

Published on: January 29, 2013

16.7K

Sublingual functional capillary rarefaction in chronic heart failure.

Patricia P Wadowski1,2, Martin Hülsmann3, Christian Schörgenhofer1

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

European Journal of Clinical Investigation
|November 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Chronic heart failure patients exhibit significantly reduced capillary density in the sublingual microvasculature. This finding suggests a systemic decrease in microcirculation, impacting overall health in heart failure.

Keywords:
capillariesglycocalyxheart failuremicrocirculationperfused boundary region

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF
03:42

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF

Published on: March 29, 2024

2.1K
Functional Assessment of the Donor Heart During Ex Situ Perfusion: Insights from Pressure-Volume Loops and Surface Echocardiography
08:21

Functional Assessment of the Donor Heart During Ex Situ Perfusion: Insights from Pressure-Volume Loops and Surface Echocardiography

Published on: October 11, 2022

2.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function
05:41

Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function

Published on: January 29, 2013

16.7K
Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF
03:42

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF

Published on: March 29, 2024

2.1K
Functional Assessment of the Donor Heart During Ex Situ Perfusion: Insights from Pressure-Volume Loops and Surface Echocardiography
08:21

Functional Assessment of the Donor Heart During Ex Situ Perfusion: Insights from Pressure-Volume Loops and Surface Echocardiography

Published on: October 11, 2022

2.7K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Microcirculation Physiology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Microcirculatory dysfunction is a key factor in chronic heart failure (CHF) progression and symptoms.
  • Reduced coronary flow reserve in CHF correlates with lower myocardial capillary density.
  • Systemic microvascular changes in CHF remain under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate in vivo capillary density and glycocalyx dimensions in CHF patients compared to healthy controls.
  • To determine if sublingual videomicroscopy can detect systemic microcirculatory changes in CHF.
  • To explore correlations between microcirculatory parameters and clinical markers in CHF.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cross-sectional study comparing 50 CHF patients with 35 healthy controls.
  • Sublingual microcirculation was assessed using sidestream darkfield (SDF) videomicroscopy.
  • Functional and perfused capillary densities, and perfused boundary region (PBR) for glycocalyx thickness were measured.

Main Results:

  • CHF patients showed significantly lower functional (30%) and total perfused capillary densities (45%) compared to controls (P < .001).
  • Oral vitamin K antagonist use was associated with lower capillary densities.
  • Glycocalyx dimensions were marginally reduced in CHF patients, with PBR correlating with inflammation and organ function markers.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with chronic heart failure demonstrate markedly reduced functional and total perfused capillary density in the sublingual microvasculature.
  • These findings indicate a systemic reduction in microcirculation in CHF patients.
  • Sublingual videomicroscopy is a viable tool for assessing systemic microvascular changes in CHF.