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Bone Cells and Tissue

Bone Cells and Tissue

Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the...

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Differentiation and Characterization of Osteoclasts from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Differentiation and Characterization of Osteoclasts from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: March 22, 2024

Identification and characterization of human bone-derived cells.

Sungsin Jo¹, Jin Kyu Lee², Jinil Han³

¹Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

|November 29, 2017

Summary

Primary bone-derived cells (BdCs) show potential as osteoprogenitor cells. These cells exhibit robust osteoblast differentiation capacity, similar to fetal osteoblasts, marking a significant finding in bone cell research.

Keywords:

Human bone-derived cells Osteoblasts activity Osteoblasts differentiation Osteoprogenitor cells Undifferentiated preosteoblasts

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A Three-dimensional Tissue Culture Model to Study Primary Human Bone Marrow and its Malignancies

A Three-dimensional Tissue Culture Model to Study Primary Human Bone Marrow and its Malignancies

Published on: March 8, 2014

Area of Science:

Orthopedics and Regenerative Medicine
Cell Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Understanding osteoblast differentiation is crucial for bone regeneration.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and fetal osteoblasts (FOBs) are established models, but novel cell sources are needed.
Primary bone-derived cells (BdCs) offer a potentially valuable cell source.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize primary bone-derived cells (BdCs).
To investigate the osteoblast differentiation potential of BdCs.
To compare BdCs with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and fetal osteoblasts (FOBs).

Main Methods:

Isolation and cultivation of primary bone-derived cells (BdCs) from surgical bone.
Comparative analysis of BdCs, MSCs, and FOBs using microarray and biochemical assays.
Evaluation of osteoblast differentiation markers, including Osterix, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2), osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN).

Main Results:

BdCs demonstrated high expression of Osterix, an osteoprogenitor marker, unlike MSCs and FOBs.
BdCs showed significant alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression, an early osteogenic marker.
During differentiation, BdCs exhibited increased mRNA expression of BMP2, OPN, and OCN, mirroring FOB maturation.
Bioinformatic analysis correlated BdCs more closely with MSCs, while gene expression patterns resembled FOBs.

Conclusions:

Primary bone-derived cells (BdCs) possess strong osteogenic potential.
BdCs may represent osteoprogenitor cells or undifferentiated preosteoblasts.
BdCs exhibit a significant capacity for differentiation into mature osteoblasts, comparable to FOBs.