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Synthetic Biology

Synthetic Biology

Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
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Chemical Synapses

Chemical Synapses

Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...

Chemical Synapses

Chemical Synapses

Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Neural Circuits

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Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...

Electrical Synapses

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DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

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Published on: December 29, 2021

Programmed coherent coupling in a synthetic DNA-based excitonic circuit.

Étienne Boulais^1,2, Nicolas P D Sawaya^2,3, Rémi Veneziano¹

¹Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

Nature Materials

|November 29, 2017

Summary

Scientists created synthetic DNA scaffolds to precisely arrange dye molecules, mimicking natural light-harvesting systems. This enables efficient energy transfer for applications in artificial photosynthesis and nanophotonics.

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Natural light-harvesting systems utilize protein scaffolds to organize chromophores for efficient energy transfer.
Artificial systems aim to replicate this organization for applications in energy and photonics.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a synthetic strategy using DNA scaffolds to program spatial organization of dye aggregates.
To achieve tunable absorption spectra and strongly coupled exciton dynamics.

Main Methods:

Characterization of dye-aggregate sizes templated by DNA A-tracts.
Structure-based modeling and quantum dynamics simulations.
Design and construction of synthetic circuits using DNA DX-tiles.

Main Results:

Identified DNA A-tracts that template dye aggregates while maintaining coherent energy transfer.
Demonstrated synthetic circuits with tunable absorption and coupled exciton dynamics.
Observed circular dichroism, superradiance, and fast delocalized exciton transfer.

Conclusions:

A bottom-up strategy using DNA scaffolds enables rational design of excitonic circuits.
This approach facilitates coherent nanoscale energy transport and artificial light-harvesting.
Potential applications in nanophotonics and advanced energy systems.