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Pharmacogenomic Biomarkers for Improved Drug Therapy-Recent Progress and Future Developments
Volker M Lauschke1, Lili Milani2, Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg3
1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section of Pharmacogenetics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. volker.lauschke@ki.se.
The AAPS Journal
|November 29, 2017
Summary
Genetic variations significantly impact drug response, leading to personalized medicine. Future pharmacogenomic applications require considering millions of rare mutations for precise drug prescriptions.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacogenomics
- Genetics
- Drug Development
Background:
- Inter-individual variability in drug efficacy and adverse reactions is linked to genetic polymorphisms.
- Pharmacogenetic research has identified numerous gene-drug associations, enabling genetically guided treatment decisions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evolutionary basis of genetic polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes.
- To provide examples of current pharmacogenomic biomarker use in drug development and clinical practice.
- To discuss technological advancements and future scenarios for personalized, genetically guided drug prescription.
Main Methods:
- Review of evolutionary background of genetic polymorphisms.
- Update on germline and somatic genome biomarkers in use.
- Discussion of technology development and validation initiatives.
Main Results:
- Genetic variants significantly influence drug action, with millions of rare mutations potentially impacting personalized drug response prediction.
- Pharmacogenomic information is valuable for patient stratification, especially in oncology, for optimizing treatment.
Conclusions:
- Pharmacogenomic biomarkers enhance treatment optimization, particularly in oncology.
- Widespread clinical adoption in other therapeutic areas is limited, with ongoing scrutiny by international consortia.
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