Angular deformity development after the distal tibial physeal fractures
Premature physeal closure (PPC) and residual displacement over 2 mm are key indicators for angular deformity after distal tibia physeal injuries. Early detection aids in preventing malalignment.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic surgery
- Pediatric orthopedics
- Pediatric trauma
Background:
- Physeal injuries of the distal tibia can lead to angular deformity.
- Premature physeal closure (PPC) is a radiological sign that can be detected postoperatively.
- Identifying prognostic factors is crucial for managing these injuries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify prognostic factors for angular deformity development after distal tibia physeal injuries.
- To investigate the relationship between premature physeal closure and angular deformity.
- To evaluate the role of residual displacement and patient age.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 104 patients with distal tibia physeal injuries.
- Classification of injuries using the Salter-Harris (SH) system.
- Analysis of factors including sex, age, injury energy, PPC, residual gap, and deformity.
Main Results:
- Angular deformity occurred in 25% of SH Type 2, 60% of Type 3, and 30% of Type 4 patients with PPC.
- Residual displacement >2 mm, patient age, and PPC were significant risk factors for angular deformity.
- PPC was associated with higher rates of deformity across different Salter-Harris types.
Conclusions:
- Residual displacement exceeding 2 mm and the presence of premature physeal closure are significant predictors of angular deformity.
- Radiological monitoring for PPC during follow-up is essential for preventing distal tibia malalignment.
- Age and specific Salter-Harris classifications influence the risk of developing angular deformity.
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