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Related Concept Videos

Formation of Species01:31

Formation of Species

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Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.
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John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
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Speciation Generates Mosaic Genomes in Kangaroos.

Maria A Nilsson1, Yichen Zheng1, Vikas Kumar1

  • 1Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Genome Biology and Evolution
|November 29, 2017
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Summary

Genomic analysis reveals the swamp wallaby is nested within Macropus, challenging current taxonomy. Conflicting signals suggest ancient introgression and incomplete lineage sorting complicate kangaroo and wallaby evolutionary relationships.

Keywords:
Macropusgenomicsincomplete lineage sortingkangaroopolytomy

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Area of Science:

  • * Evolutionary biology and phylogenomics.
  • * Marsupial radiation and macropodid evolution.

Background:

  • * Kangaroos and wallabies (Macropodidae) are iconic Australasian marsupials with complex evolutionary histories.
  • * Previous studies using mitochondrial, nuclear, and morphological data yielded conflicting phylogenetic relationships within the genera Macropus and Wallabia.
  • * These phylogenetic uncertainties impact the classification and taxonomy of these species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the evolutionary causes of conflicting phylogenetic signals in kangaroos and wallabies.
  • * To resolve the species relationships between and among the sister-genera Macropus and Wallabia using whole-genome data.

Main Methods:

  • * Sequencing and analysis of genomes from 11 kangaroo and wallaby species.
  • * Multilocus coalescent analysis utilizing approximately 14,900 genome fragments (10 kb each).

Main Results:

  • * Phylogenomic analysis resolved species relationships, reconstructing the swamp wallaby (Wallabia) as nested within Macropus, rendering the latter genus paraphyletic.
  • * Conflicting phylogenetic signals within the swamp wallaby genome suggest at least one introgression event with an extinct lineage.
  • * Relationships within the Macropus subgenus M. (Notamacropus) remain unresolved, indicating a hard polytomy.

Conclusions:

  • * The study highlights the complexities of marsupial phylogeny, including paraphyly, introgression, and incomplete lineage sorting.
  • * Current genomic data and analytical methods struggle to fully disentangle these processes, complicating definitive taxonomic interpretations.
  • * Further research is needed to clarify the evolutionary history and refine the taxonomy of kangaroos and wallabies.