Spinocervical tract neurons responsive to light mechanical stimulation of the raccoon forepaw

1. The extracellular activity of 45 antidromically identified spinocervical tract (SCT) neurons responsive to light mechanical stimulation of the glabrous surfaces of the forepaw was examined in raccoons anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. An additional seven neurons had peripheral receptive fields (RFs) located on hairy skin of the forelimb, and three had deep RFs. 2. All recording sites were histologically verified as falling within Rexed's laminae III and IV in spinal cord segments C6-T1. Antidromic conduction velocities of the 55 neurons ranged between 8.3 and 64.2 m/s. 3. Units with glabrous skin RFs were classified according to their response to a maintained mechanical stimulus as either rapidly adapting (n = 39) or slowly adapting (n = 6). Of 11 cells tested, 2 displayed enhanced responses to noxious stimuli and were classed as multireceptive. 4. RF areas were significantly smaller on digits (range = 0.4-45.0 mm2) than on palm pads (range = 5.6-76.0 mm2), and comparable in size to RF areas previously reported in raccoon cuneate nuclear cells (32). 5. RA neurons fell into three distinct categories with respect to the relationship between instantaneous spike frequency during displacement ramp stimulation, and ramp velocity, steep functions (as defined by the value of power function exponents), flat functions, and discontinuous functions; SA neurons fell into two categories, continuous, and discontinuous. 6. The results, in conjunction with those of previous studies, lead to two major conclusions: 1) raccoon and primate spinocervicothalamic systems are more similar to each other than either is to that of the cat and 2) the ability of the raccoon SCT to convey information from the glabrous skin of the forepaw regarding characteristics of light mechanical stimuli is at least as precise as that of neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal system.