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Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Laparoscopic Choledochal Cyst Excision and Roux-en-Y Choledochojejunostomy in Adults
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Choledochal malformations: Lessons learnt in Johannesburg.

A Grieve1, D Harrison, C Westgarth-Taylor

  • 1Department of Paediatric Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. a.grieve@me.com.

South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde
|November 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Choledochal malformations (CMs) are rare congenital conditions that can cause jaundice and other complications. Specialized pediatric surgical care is essential for managing CMs and improving long-term patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Gastroenterology
  • Congenital Abnormalities

Background:

  • Choledochal malformations (CMs) are rare congenital conditions.
  • They can manifest from antenatal screening through adulthood.
  • Associated pancreaticobiliary malunion is a known predisposing factor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the experience with choledochal malformations (CMs).
  • To improve patient care for this population at the University of the Witwatersrand.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective record review of patients with CMs.
  • Study period: January 2010 to May 2017.
  • Included patients managed by the Department of Paediatric Surgery.

Main Results:

  • 35 patients underwent surgery for CMs.
  • 83% presented with jaundice; median bilirubin: 167 mmol/L.
  • Type IV CMs showed trends towards younger age and higher bilirubin/GGT levels.

Conclusions:

  • Choledochal malformations (CMs) can cause significant morbidity and malignancy.
  • Specialized care is crucial for improving long-term outcomes.
  • Further research may elucidate specific management strategies.