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Osmosensing by the bacterial PhoQ/PhoP two-component system.

Jing Yuan1,2, Fan Jin3,2, Timo Glatter3

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, 35043 Marburg, Germany; jing.yuan@synmikro.mpi-marburg.mpg.de victor.sourjik@synmikro.mpi-marburg.mpg.de.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|November 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The PhoQ/PhoP system in bacteria like E. coli senses osmotic upshifts via its transmembrane helix, not the sensor domain. This osmosensing improves bacterial growth recovery under stress.

Keywords:
enterobacteriaosmolaritysignal transductionstress responsevirulence

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacterial Physiology
  • Signal Transduction

Background:

  • The PhoQ/PhoP two-component system is crucial for enterobacteria adapting to host environments.
  • It typically senses magnesium limitation, low pH, and antimicrobial peptides.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the PhoQ/PhoP system detects osmotic upshift in bacteria.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of osmosensing by PhoQ.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated PhoQ/PhoP system activity in Escherichia coli and Salmonella under osmotic stress.
  • Analyzed the role of the periplasmic sensor domain and transmembrane helix of PhoQ.
  • Assessed the impact of membrane properties like lateral pressure on PhoQ activity.
  • Examined the effect of PhoQ/PhoP on RpoS stabilization and bacterial growth recovery.

Main Results:

  • PhoQ/PhoP systems in E. coli and Salmonella detect osmotic upshifts.
  • Osmotic upshift detection by PhoQ does not require its periplasmic sensor domain.
  • PhoQ activity is modulated by transmembrane helix length and membrane lateral pressure.
  • PhoQ/PhoP enhances bacterial growth recovery under hyperosmotic stress, partly via RpoS stabilization.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial osmosensing involves the transmembrane domain of PhoQ, responding to membrane physical changes.
  • The PhoQ/PhoP system integrates host-related cues, including osmotic stress.
  • This system contributes to bacterial adaptation and survival within host environments.