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Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Energy Dispersive X-ray Tomography for 3D Elemental Mapping of Individual Nanoparticles
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2D/3D Microanalysis by Energy Dispersive X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Tomography.

Dario Ferreira Sanchez1, Alexandre S Simionovici2, Laurence Lemelle3

  • 1Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland. Dario.Ferreira@psi.ch.

Scientific Reports
|November 30, 2017
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Summary

A new micro Energy Dispersive X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (μED-XAS) tomography technique enables 3D chemical mapping of microstructures. This method precisely identifies iron oxidation states in ancient microfossils, offering insights into early life.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Geochemistry
  • Paleontology

Background:

  • X-ray spectroscopy provides crucial chemical and structural data for complex materials.
  • Spatially resolved chemical characterization at the micrometer scale is challenging for heterogeneous materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a novel hyperspectral imaging technique, micro Energy Dispersive X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (μED-XAS) tomography.
  • To demonstrate the capability of μED-XAS tomography in resolving chemical species and their spatial distribution in 2D and 3D.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and applied micro Energy Dispersive X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (μED-XAS) tomography.
  • Reconstructed X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectra for chemical species identification.
  • Achieved a spatial resolution of 3 μm for chemical characterization.

Main Results:

  • Successfully analyzed a sample with diverse ferrous and ferric iron minerals (hypersthene, magnetite, hematite) at a 3 μm resolution.
  • For the first time, determined the iron oxidation states in ~1.9 billion-year-old microfossils from the Gunflint Formation.
  • Identified iron compounds encrusting 5 to 10 μm microfossils.

Conclusions:

  • μED-XAS tomography is a powerful tool for 3D chemical mapping of micro- and nano-structured materials.
  • This technique provides new insights into Precambrian ecosystems and the composition of early life forms.