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Upconversion Luminescence Sensitized pH-Nanoprobes.

Manoj Kumar Mahata1, Hyeongyu Bae2, Kang Taek Lee3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea. mkmahata@gist.ac.kr.

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Photon upconversion materials offer superior pH sensing for biomedical research. This review highlights advances in upconversion-based pH-nanoprobes, crucial for intracellular applications.

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molecular probesoptical sensorspH-sensorsphotoluminescenceupconversion

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical research
  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Photon upconversion materials possess advantageous photophysical properties for biomedical applications, including low autofluorescence and high photostability.
  • Upconversion-based pH-nanoprobes are emerging as superior alternatives to traditional pH indicators and metal nanoparticles.
  • The field of upconversion-based pH-nanoprobes has seen significant development since their discovery in 2009.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of the recent advances in upconversion-based pH-nanoprobes.
  • To discuss the fundamental aspects of upconversion materials and processes relevant to pH sensing.
  • To assess the safety and biodistribution of upconversion materials for intracellular use.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of upconversion materials and their application in pH sensing.
  • Analysis of photophysical properties and performance of upconversion-based pH-nanoprobes.
  • Evaluation of toxicity and biodistribution data for upconversion materials.

Main Results:

  • Upconversion materials exhibit excellent properties like low autofluorescence, non-cytotoxicity, and high photostability.
  • Upconversion-based pH-nanoprobes demonstrate significant advantages over conventional pH-sensitive probes.
  • Progress in upconversion material design and application for intracellular pH monitoring has been substantial.

Conclusions:

  • Upconversion-based pH-nanoprobes represent a promising technology for advanced biomedical research and diagnostics.
  • Further research into molecular pH-sensor design utilizing upconversion principles is encouraged.
  • Understanding toxicity and biodistribution is critical for the successful intracellular application of these nanoprobes.