Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Real-time Analyses of Retinol Transport by the Membrane Receptor of Plasma Retinol Binding Protein
Published on: January 28, 2013
Loading efficacy and binding analysis of retinoids with milk proteins: a short review
D Agudelo1, P Bourassa1, J Bariyanga2
1a Département de Chemistry-Biochemistry, Physics , Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières , C. P. 500, Trois-Rivières G9A 5H7 , Québec , Canada.
Abstract:
In this review, the loading efficacies of retinoids with milk proteins are investigated. It has been shown that milk proteins β-lactoglobulin, α-, and β-caseins bind retinol and retinoic acid via hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and H-bonding contacts causing minor alterations of protein secondary structure. Hydrophobic contact is predominant in retinoid-protein conjugation and several amino acids are involved in complex formation, stabilized by H-bonding network. Loading efficacy of retinoid was about 30-50% with retinol forming more stable protein conjugates. Milk proteins can transport retinoid to target molecules.
More Related Videos
08:18Author Spotlight: Unraveling Vitamin A Transport Mechanisms — Linking Liver Receptors to Vision Health Through RBPR2 and RBP4 Interactions
Published on: October 4, 2024
05:03Author Spotlight: Investigating Physiological Functions of Vitamin A Transporters Using HPLC-Based Vitamin A Profiling
Published on: December 27, 2024
Related Concept Videos
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Protein-Related Factors
The physicochemical properties of a drug play a significant role in its ability to bind to proteins. Lipophilic drugs, which dissolve in fats, oils, and lipids, can be...
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug-Related Factors
One crucial factor in drug-protein binding is the drug's lipophilicity or its affinity for fat. More lipophilic drugs tend to have higher binding extents. For example, highly lipophilic drugs like cloxacillin exhibit substantial protein binding, with as much as 95% of the drug binding to proteins. In...
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Patient-Related Factors
Age stands as a key determinant in protein-drug binding. Neonates, characterized by low albumin content, experience heightened concentrations of unbound drugs such as phenytoin and...
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry
Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Stability Enhancement and GI Retention
Bioavailability: Influencing Factors