Botanical origin of Mei-gui Hua in Chinese markets

The petals or buds of Rosa species have been used as an important Chinese crude drug called "Mei-gui Hua" and also an ingredient for herbal tea in China. The 15 flavonol glycosides in 34 commercially available "Mei-gui Hua" were quantitatively determined by UPLC, and the data were compared with those of known Rosa sp. belong to Cinnamomeae, Gallicanae, Caninae and Synstylae by principal component analysis for the estimation of original plants of these "Mei-gui Hua". Seven samples were classified into two groups (Types A and B) composed of species in Gallicae and Synstilae and 11 samples into a group (Type D) composed of species in Cinnamomeae. Six samples were plotted among Types B, C and D. However, nine samples were shown to form a new group (Type F), and the original plants of these samples were assumed to be more complex hybrids of Rosa species including other sections than Cinnamomeae, Gallicanae, Caninae and Synstylae. This method must be useful and convenient to estimate the origin of crude drug "Mei-gui Hua" commercially available in markets. The results of this study also demonstrated that "Mei-gui Hua" commercially available in Chinese market must be prepared from hybrids of various species of Rosa, and it is not reasonable to assign only R. rugosa as scientific name of the origin plants.