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Related Experiment Video

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Pregnant hepatitis B carrier.

Martti Färkkilä, Aila Tiitinen

    Duodecim; Laaketieteellinen Aikakauskirja
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    Summary

    Pregnant women in Finland are screened for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Antiviral therapy in late pregnancy can prevent mother-to-newborn HBV transmission.

    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology
    • Virology
    • Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening is not routine for all women of reproductive age in Finland.
    • Maternity clinics provide HBV screening for all pregnant women during early pregnancy.
    • Pregnancy generally does not alter the clinical course of hepatitis B.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline the implications of hepatitis B carrier status for pregnancy.
    • To highlight the importance of perinatal transmission and risk factors.
    • To discuss the role of antiviral therapy in preventing mother-to-child transmission.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current screening practices for hepatitis B in pregnant women in Finland.

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  • Analysis of transmission routes and risk factors for chronic HBV infection.
  • Evaluation of the efficacy of tenofovir in reducing viral load and preventing perinatal transmission.

    • Main Results:

    • Perinatal transmission remains the primary route of HBV infection from mother to infant.
    • Higher maternal serum HBV-DNA levels and HBeAg positivity increase transmission risk.
    • Initiating tenofovir in the third trimester effectively reduces viral replication and prevents infant infection.

    Conclusions:

    • Hepatitis B screening during pregnancy is crucial for identifying carriers and managing transmission risks.
    • Antiviral treatment with tenofovir is a safe and effective strategy to prevent perinatal HBV transmission.
    • Early discussion regarding pregnancy timing and management is recommended for hepatitis B carriers.