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Using counterattitudinal advocacy to change drinking: A pilot study.

Angelo M DiBello1, Kate B Carey1, Vanessa Cushing2

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Summary

This study introduced counterattitudinal advocacy (CAA) to reduce risky college drinking by creating attitude-behavior dissonance. The pilot intervention showed promise in decreasing drinking intentions and consumption among heavy-drinking students.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Addiction Science

Background:

  • Risky drinking persists among college students, necessitating effective prevention strategies.
  • Alcohol attitudes strongly influence drinking behaviors, suggesting attitude change as a prevention target.
  • Counterattitudinal advocacy (CAA) is a manipulation technique that can create dissonance to influence attitudes and behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test a novel prevention strategy using counterattitudinal advocacy (CAA) to reduce risky drinking in college students.
  • To adapt and evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a brief CAA intervention for alcohol misuse prevention.
  • To examine the impact of CAA on drinking intentions and alcohol consumption in heavy-drinking students.

Main Methods:

  • A small randomized controlled trial was conducted with 49 heavy-drinking college students.
  • Participants were assigned to either a CAA condition or a control group.
  • Outcomes measured included written responses, adherence to CAA principles, drinking intentions, and alcohol consumption.

Main Results:

  • Participants in the CAA condition wrote more, indicating engagement with the intervention.
  • The intervention was perceived as consistent with CAA theoretical principles.
  • Preliminary results showed moderate between-group effect sizes for reduced drinking intentions (d = .36) and weekly consumption (d = .27), and a large within-group effect size for reduced weekly consumption (d = .83) in the CAA group.

Conclusions:

  • Counterattitudinal advocacy (CAA) is a feasible and acceptable intervention strategy for reducing alcohol use among college students.
  • This pilot study provides a promising foundation for adapting CAA-based interventions in the domain of alcohol use prevention.
  • Further research is warranted to refine and validate CAA interventions for broader application in preventing alcohol-related harms.