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Race, Income and Insurance Status Affect Neonatal Sepsis Mortality and Healthcare Resource Utilization

Fredrick J Bohanon1, Omar Nunez Lopez1, Deepak Adhikari1,2

  • 1From the Department of Surgery.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|December 1, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Socioeconomic factors like insurance status and income significantly increase neonatal sepsis mortality. Addressing these disparities is crucial for reducing infant deaths and improving healthcare resource use in the US.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Health
  • Public Health
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Socioeconomic disparities are known to negatively impact neonatal health outcomes.
  • The specific influence of sociodemographic factors on neonatal sepsis mortality remains understudied.
  • This research investigates the association between insurance payer status, income, race, and gender with neonatal sepsis outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the impact of sociodemographic disparities on neonatal sepsis mortality.
  • To analyze the association between socioeconomic factors and healthcare resource utilization in neonates with sepsis.
  • To identify specific societal targets for reducing neonatal sepsis mortality in the United States.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the nationwide Kid's Inpatient Database (2006, 2009, 2012) for a population-based study.
  • Included neonates diagnosed with sepsis in the analysis cohort.
  • Employed multivariable logistic and linear regression models to assess associations between patient/hospital characteristics and outcomes (mortality, length of stay, hospital costs).

Main Results:

  • The study analyzed a weighted sample of 160,677 neonates with sepsis.
  • Self-pay status was linked to a 3.26-fold increased mortality risk and reduced length of stay and costs compared to privately insured neonates.
  • Lower household income and Black race were also associated with increased mortality and altered healthcare resource utilization, respectively, compared to affluent and White neonates.

Conclusions:

  • Identified specific socioeconomic disparities that elevate the risk of death in neonates with sepsis.
  • Highlighted how these disparities also influence healthcare resource utilization.
  • Provides actionable insights for societal interventions aimed at mitigating neonatal sepsis mortality.
Abstract

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